ITU-T/ITU-D Seminar on Standardization and ITU- T/ITUDevelopment of NGN for the Arab region
Session 9
Planning of Broadband Wireless Access for Rural and Remote Areas
Ignat Stanev ITC, Bulgaria
ITU-T/ITU-D Seminar 29 April – 2 May 2007, Manama, Bahrain Session 9_4 - 1
Introduction
Rural and remote areas telecom case : usually not interesting from business point of view telecom development should be supported by government
Percentage of the population living in rural areas
71% 71% 75%
Findings of the United Nations : all growth in population will concentrate in urban areas, no growth in rural areas
27%
SubSaharan Africa East Asia & Pacific
Latin America
South Asia
most of the growth will concentrate in urban areas of less developed regions
Source: The World Bank(1992)
ITU-T/ITU-D Seminar
29 April – 2 May 2007, Manama, Bahrain
Session 9_4 - 2
1
Rural population and teledensity
Population of large cities as % Large city teledensity [%] Rural areas teledensity [%] Overall teledensity [%]
1 : 4,3 1 : 3,4 1 : 1,5 1 : 1,05
Low Income Lower Middle Upper Middle High Income
6,0 5,8 16,1 10,8
9,26 24,84 30,77 57,49
2,15 7,30 21,10 54,83
2,54 8,77 22,94 55,21
Africa Americas Asia Europe Oceania WORLD
12 13,6 4,8 10,9 17,8 7,7
6,42 34,8 25,97 48,24 45,97 17,4
1,39 21,72 6,94 30,19 36,77 25,25
1,99 11,39 7,84 31,98 38,38 9,20
ITU WTID 2002
ITU-T/ITU-D Seminar
29 April – 2 May 2007, Manama, Bahrain
Session 9_4 - 3
Largest cities vs. rural areas in some countries
Country Egypt Mauritania Sudan Tunisia Djibouti Kuwait Qatar Syria China Bulgaria Urban population (%) 42.6 49.5 37.9 64.4 99.0 98.0 91.8 51.4 41.8 70.0 % of main lines in urban areas Total teledensity [%] 74.8 32.5 100.0 25.6 90.0 7.1 98.0 68.8 100.0 7.9 98.0 107.6 99.0 110.0 82.5 27.5 67.4 56.5 78.0 113.1
120.0 100.0 80.0 60.0 40.0 20.0 0.0 Urban population (%) % of main lines in urban areas
Su da Dj n ib M o ut au i r it an ia Sy r ia Eg yp t Ch in a Tu ni si a Ku wa it Q at B u ar lg ar ia
ITU WTID 2006
ITU-T/ITU-D Seminar 29 April – 2 May 2007, Manama, Bahrain Session 9_4 - 4
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Broadband connection – statistics
Internet access of households by type of connection, 2005 (Yearbook 2006-07 )
ITU-T/ITU-D Seminar
29 April – 2 May 2007, Manama, Bahrain
Session 9_4 - 5
IT density as bases for BB services
Internet hosts per 10 000 inhabitants Internet users per 10 000 inhabitants PCs per 100 inhabitants
Low Income
Lower Middle Income Upper Middle Income High Income
1 4,3 78,7 1 484 3,4
62 264,9 992,7 3 992 84,9
0,6 2,5 8,2 37 1,1
ITU WTID 2002
Low/High Income: 1 / > 60
Source : ITU Database 2006
Africa Americas Asia Europe Oceania WORLD
100.0 90.0 80.0 70.0 60.0 50.0 40.0 30.0 20.0 10.0 0.0 Austria Belg iu m Denmark Finland France
1 333 2 164 26,6 28,7 434 2,2 191,5 1 804,5 18 % of 885,3 homes with Internet 2 771,6% of homes with a Personal Computer 39,9 232,7 820,8 7,7
Germany
Greece
Icela nd
Ir eland
Italy
Luxembourg Neth erla nds
Norway
Portugal
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
United Kingdom
Czech Republic
Estonia
Hungary
Latv ia
Lithuania
Pola nd
Slo vak Republic
Bulgaria
Romania
ITU-T/ITU-D Seminar
29 April – 2 May 2007, Manama, Bahrain
Session 9_4 - 6
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EU Project - Broadband for All
To develop the network technologies and architectures allowing a generalised and affordable availability of broadband access to European users, including those in less developed regions, peripheral and rural areas. Optimised access technologies, as a function of the operating environment, at affordable price allowing for a generalized introduction of broadband services in Europe including less developed regions
ITU-T/ITU-D Seminar
29 April – 2 May 2007, Manama, Bahrain
Session 9_4 - 7
Planning of broadband wireless access
Network planning
Critical
Demand Forecast
CapEx sensitive
Re-Optimization OpEx intensive
Critical
Plan New Build
Purchase / Build BUILD
Operate & Maintain
PLAN
RUN OPEX Intensive
CAPEX Sensitive
O ptim um C osts
Voice Voice SS7 SS7
9%
Traffic Demand Traffic Demand Generation / Distribution Generation / Distribution ATM ATM
Total
IP / / MPLS IP MPLS
Service Definition Service Definition / / Market Capture Market Capture Access Technology Access Technology Selection / / Roll-Out Selection Roll-Out Business Case Business Case Analysis Analysis Service Mix, 85% Geographical Traffic Demand ITU-T/ITU-D Seminar
15%
Bandwidth 5% Requirements Exchanges NODES Optical Mesh CORE Optical Mesh C ircuits
SONET / / SDH SONET SDH Synchronization Synchronization
9% Optical Ring Optical Ring
52%
ACCESS 25% Requirements Subscribers WDM Links WDM Links
Link
nodes no. of exchanges
Session 9_4 - 8
29 April – 2 May 2007, Manama, Bahrain
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Broadband access technologies
xDSL
SAT
WLL
HFC
ITU-T/ITU-D Seminar
Power line
FTTx
Session 9_4 - 9
29 April – 2 May 2007, Manama, Bahrain
Planning process for planning of wireless BB access network
ITU-T/ITU-D Seminar
29 April – 2 May 2007, Manama, Bahrain
Session 9_4 - 10
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Planning case studies performed with available network planning tools
The case studies present the planning process that needs to be performed for evaluation of wireless broadband access in rural and remote areas Planning includes market definition and optimization of the access network. First access network is optimized regardless of the terrain characteristics, then network is analysed for coverage and result is adjusted correspondingly The case studies are planned with professional NP tools, available through ITU partners
ITU-T/ITU-D Seminar
29 April – 2 May 2007, Manama, Bahrain
Session 9_4 - 11
Oman – Test Case study
ITU/BDT Arab Regional Workshop on “Wireless Network Evolution” Evolution”
Rural market – Muscat area Muscat-Oman, 03-05 Muscat03May 2004
ITU-T/ITU-D Seminar
29 April – 2 May 2007, Manama, Bahrain
Session 9_4 - 12
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Case study Oman - Market forecasting:
Permanent service – Residential - connection at 64 Kbit/s Business - connection at 128 Kbit/s
Market based on inhabitants / households per sq. km. and penetration from 2% to 10%
ITU-T/ITU-D Seminar 29 April – 2 May 2007, Manama, Bahrain Session 9_4 - 13
Case study Oman - Technology definition :
ITU-T/ITU-D Seminar
29 April – 2 May 2007, Manama, Bahrain
Session 9_4 - 14
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Case study Oman - Planning process :
ITU-T/ITU-D Seminar
29 April – 2 May 2007, Manama, Bahrain
Session 9_4 - 15
Case study Oman - Planning wireless :
BS coverage calculation
Max server coverage
ITU-T/ITU-D Seminar 29 April – 2 May 2007, Manama, Bahrain Session 9_4 - 16
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Case study – Papua New Guinea :
TELIKOM planning team
Suburban / Rural market – Port Moresby area
ITU-T/ITU-D Seminar
29 April – 2 May 2007, Manama, Bahrain
Session 9_4 - 17
Case study Papua New Guinea – Suburban and rural area :
User per sector: 254 Sector payload: 18 Mbps Radius per BS: 3 KM Frequency of Operation: 2.3, 2.4 GHz Bandwidth: 3.5 MHz
TELIKOM planning wireless BB access
ITU-T/ITU-D Seminar
29 April – 2 May 2007, Manama, Bahrain
Session 9_4 - 18
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Case study Papua New Guinea – Planning process :
optimization of service areas
ITU-T/ITU-D Seminar
29 April – 2 May 2007, Manama, Bahrain
Session 9_4 - 19
Case study Papua New Guinea – Planning wireless :
ITU-T/ITU-D Seminar
29 April – 2 May 2007, Manama, Bahrain
Session 9_4 - 20
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Case study Bamako - suburban area :
Wireline xDSL and WiMAX overlay
ITU-T/ITU-D Seminar
29 April – 2 May 2007, Manama, Bahrain
Session 9_4 - 21
Case study Bamako - Planning process :
Technology specification
Network Optimization
ITU-T/ITU-D Seminar
29 April – 2 May 2007, Manama, Bahrain
Session 9_4 - 22
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Case study Bamako - Planning wireless :
BS coverage BS coverage calculation calculation
ITU-T/ITU-D Seminar
29 April – 2 May 2007, Manama, Bahrain
Session 9_4 - 23
Case study Bamako – Wireless access network :
ITU-T/ITU-D Seminar
29 April – 2 May 2007, Manama, Bahrain
Session 9_4 - 24
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Case study Bamako - Economic Analysis :
Revenues, Costs, NPN
ITU-T/ITU-D Seminar 29 April – 2 May 2007, Manama, Bahrain Session 9_4 - 25
Requirements to services and customer segments definition and forecasting
e.g. Permanent service Defined by required bandwidth or bit rate
y (e.g. no. of subscribers) Saturation limit Logistic or Gompertz' trend
Broadband penetration forecasts for the residential market - EU
Linear trend
Exponential trend 0
Beginning interval Average interval
Time
Forecasting of customer segments e.g. Residential market: Individual, family, commune services/users
Session 9_4 - 26
Saturation interval
Typical for rural and remote areas :
ITU-T/ITU-D Seminar
29 April – 2 May 2007, Manama, Bahrain
13
Requirements to the modeling of user locations
Digital maps – Geo data
zones /areas
=>
=> DTM Elevation data
nodes / sites
DEM DBM
ITU-T/ITU-D Seminar 29 April – 2 May 2007, Manama, Bahrain Session 9_4 - 27
Requirements to the network optimization
Location on nodes : E.g. optimal placement of BS Service areas : E.g. optimal service areas of a BS
Non-Terrain Based
Prediction Models :
Freespace Propagation
Terrain Based
Tropospheric Effects
Atmosph. Absorption Loss f>10 GHz Rain Attenuation f>5GHz
Scattering
Diffraction
Reflection
ITU-T/ITU-D Seminar
29 April – 2 May 2007, Manama, Bahrain
Session 9_4 - 28
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